Law and Macro Environment Essay Example

Law and Macro Environment Paper Political Political macro environment factors include things like tax policies, government-issued safety regulations, the availability of government contracts, and even shifts in the controlling political party. International laws, such as trade agreements and tariffs, may affect the supply and demand chains and available markets for many different companies as well. Economic A market boom, recession, or growing inflation problem can all change the way an organization plans for the future and operates in the present. Economic factors are often difficult to assess, since economic forecasts and analyses vary widely between experts. Unemployment levels, comparative foreign exchange rates, and the state of the global economy can all help or hurt a business ability to get needed components and maintain a stable refit. Social The mood and demographics of the population make up the social area of macro environment factors. For example, a society that places an emphasis on self-guided jobs with room for creativity may cause organizations to redefine job descriptions and adapt the model of the workplace to attract workers. Social trends, such as a preference for on-demand mobile media devices, can also influence which products a company manufacturers and where it chooses to spend advertising dollars. Technological Technological macro environment factors can influence how an organization does business. A new type of machinery, computer chip, or product created through research and development can help a company stay modernized and ahead of the market curve. Owners must be able to accurately identify which new developments will be truly useful, and which are just fads. We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Macro Environment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Macro Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Macro Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Environmental Environmental concerns are important to businesses both in the short and long term. In the short-term, things like natural disasters can disrupt production and supply operations, or even destroy company assets. Programs such as environmental risk assessment can help companies prepare to handle many of the most likely short-term crises. In the long view, over, businesses may have an interest in ensuring that their supply chains are not destroyed by unsustainable practices. Legal Legal factors can limit or change how a business operates. For example, they may have to hire additional supervisory staff or purchase safety equipment after a new health and safety law is passed. Child labor laws Often limit the hours a minor can work and require set break periods. If an organization employs several minors, it may have to hire additional help to cover the hours when the minors cannot legally work. Legal factors are determined by both legislations and regional and national laws. In some cases, companies that do business internationally are also affected by international laws. Hedging Against the Macro Environment Generally, businesses have little to no control over their macro environment. They can, however, prepare for the unexpected by using a PEST or PESTLE analysis. For example, if a business has a manufacturing plant in an area prone to hurricanes, they could hedge against the possible loss by developing an action plan to relocate employees or supplies if threatened by a hurricane. Many organizations conduct regular analyses of the macro environment actors Macro environment factors are uncontrollable external forces that affect how a business operates. They are largely out of the control of the business, and often require changes in operating, management, production, and marketing. Analysts often categorize them using the acronyms PEST or PESTLE. Broken down, PEST stands for political, economic, social, and technological concerns. PESTLE also includes environmental and legal factors. Political ahead of the market curve. Owners must be able to accurately identity, which gal factors can limit or change how a business operates. For example, they equipment after a new health and safety law is passed.

Hcokey night in Canada essays

Hcokey night in Canada essays September 27, 1999 Luke Rossy Over the past few decades, the Canadian sport of hockey slowly moved on to the United States and Europe. Only six teams remain in Canada and most of them are either just making enough money to survive or they are in dept. Only two or three Canadian teams are doing ok, fiscally that is. The NHL should try to bring hockey back to its former glory days. Currently there are 27 teams in the NHL, which is way too many. Either 5 or 6 teams get all the talent or the talented players are spread so thin that its almost impossible for players to get records like Wayne Gretzky did, or even close. Its going to be a while before you see another team with people as talented as the former Edmonton Oilers did back in the eightys. Why should there be teams in places like Nashville? Or even Anaheim? Also some players are too greedy, or too popular, and their price tags are too high. Sport teams in Canada like Calgary, or even Vancouver cant afford the hefty price of top-class players. While places in the United States get government funding and tax cuts. The Canadian government should help out Canadian teams, before we lose everything to the United States. Also a salary cap should be imposed, I think the maximum a team should pay for a hockey player is 4 million a year (currently the highest is 8 million a year). One last thing, cut down on the number of teams! Hockey will get more and more boring if you keep on adding teams to places that get less than 13000 people a game, that should lower the number of teams to about 15, which would be enjoyable and keep hockey at a very challenging level. ...

Simple Tactics on How to Make Friends in High School

Simple Tactics on How to Make Friends in High School Building friendship isnt always as easy as we would like it to be, especially in high school. New people and new environment make it even more difficult. However, finding a friend at the new school will be much easier if you take a look at some tips on how to make friends in high school we’ve gathered for you. Join a Club or Sports Team Being a part of a team is one of the best ways to build new relationships. With its friendly atmosphere, a club is a place where you can learn how to be more social. You can meet people who have the same interests and hobbies as you, so dont be afraid to check what opportunities for self-expression your school offers. It may be: 1. Musical clubs bands, choir, orchestra. 2. Drama performing arts or pantomime. 3. Dance classes tap dance, hip-hop. 3. Fine arts and architecture clubs. 4. Literary and language clubs speaking and travel clubs, book clubs, writers clubs. 5. Game clubs chess, video games. 5. Sports and social activities football, basketball, swimming, Ã' heerleading. 6. Science and math clubs. 7. Historical reenactment. If a kind of club you would like to attend doesnt exist at your school, you can start your own club. Don’t be afraid that no one will join you! Youll definitely find people who share your interests. If you establish your own club, you will get to know students with whom you already have something in common. Attend Social Events Social events will certainly help you feel more comfortable with new people and teach you how to be better at socializing. Attending events like sports, parties and dancing evenings is a great way to make people know you better as they see you more often. Use this chance to make new friends even if you are a shy and not really an outgoing person. You may find it challenging at first, but you can bring someone with you to make it less stressful. Participating in events is also a great way to prove yourself and stand out in a crowd. If you have a talent for something - show it! Be Yourself Its very common advice, but being yourself is a key to find people who will like your personality. Some people pretend to be someone who they are not. Its better not to follow their example. Try to find people you feel comfortable with instead of searching for friendship with people who don’t understand and actually know you. Dont Be a Chatter-box Too much talking or joking will not make the best first impression of you. Telling your whole life story to a person you see the first time in your life is not the best idea. People tend to see a too chatty person as the one who is self-obsessed and narcissistic. Stay Positive and Approachable Be open to new people and start conversations with friendly vibes. Dont let your shyness hold you back. Give a pleasant smile and let people get to know you better. Connect Online Social media is your best assistant. Find people from your school online and get information about what your schoolmates like or what hobbies they have. Add them to your friend list and chat about classes or events they are going to attend. Put the information about your hobbies and interests on your page so that your classmates know how to start a conversation with you. Online vs. Face-to-Face Social media will help you to cope with the stress of talking to schoolmates as its much easier to reach a person via the internet and start a conversation online rather than doing it in person. You can also do vice versa if you are getting along with someone in your school, ask them to add you to their friend list on Facebook or follow you on Instagram. Ask and Listen Speaking to another person - especially a stranger - may be intimidating. If youre trying to make a good impression, being a good speaker is not enough - you must be a good listener, too. Memorize small details. Be attentive when people are talking to you and dont interrupt them. Listen carefully and hold eye contact. Its important to remember what people are telling about themselves - their interests and hobbies, about their friends, family or school life. Talk up. Giving a compliment is also a good way to make the first move and often the way to show that youre a nice and friendly person. You can compliment a persons good look or their performance in class. You shouldn’t flatter, but a good compliment wont hurt anybody. Take the initiative. Ask someone out to a movie or lunch - this will give you an opportunity to meet outside the school and get to know each other better. Show your interest. Asking questions is a great way to become closer with someone. People like to talk about themselves, so you should ask questions about their hobbies, pets, families, and clubs they attend. Ask open questions instead of the simple yes/no questions. Closed questions often tend to make an awkward pause in the conversation. Dont be too intrusive. Try not to insist on answering if a person doesnt want to so that he or she doesnt think that you interfere with their personal business. Also, when someone asks you a question, try not to respond in brief sentences - people may think youre not willing to communicate. Making new friends is not easy and takes some time. Be patient and dont be depressed if it doesnt go smoothly. We are sure youll manage to find good friends in school!

Controversy about Virtual Classrooms in Middle School Research Paper - 1

Controversy about Virtual Classrooms in Middle School - Research Paper Example This report stresses that some of the criteria used to evaluate the stand of teachers and parents on this matter include review of information or literature on impacts of virtual classroom on all stakeholders. Another criterion is to develop a hypothesis for the controversy for having virtual classroom. The next criterion is the definition of both sides this will elaborate why teachers oppose virtual classroom and why administrators propose it. Selection of participants and control of extraneous variables is another method. Interviewing parents, teachers and administrators, will also be another criterion to use in developing this plot. Data collection, analysis, and result interpretation will also be put into use. Each of the given sources is credible and can be believed. The AIU books in the library give a clear study in this issue, and so it will be an adequate source of information. The internet/Google especially Google books has many relevant books on this specific topic. There a re many online books and statistics on the same if one goes online. Therefore, it will be a dependable source. This paper makes a conclusion that exists in a virtual classroom for middle class is particularly important at this point in time. The project will bring clarity on whether virtual learning is effective in disseminating knowledge to students in grade school. Virtual learning was to be a means of bridging the gap between rich and pure students. Taking this study will help in giving the needed information about the controversy and the approach that the target audience should have towards it.

Laws Governing Labor and Employment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Laws Governing Labor and Employment - Essay Example Furthermore, the company has to have more than 50 employees within a radius of 75 miles. The regulation also requires that employers: Protect their employees from any form of retaliation by an employer for such rights. Guard employee benefits while they are gone for leave. All employee benefits before they went on leave have to be reinstated. Protect the employee from being denied their right to go on leave under the act. Offer the exact health insurance benefits, which have to include company contributions to premiums that would be awarded should the employee go on leave. The employees on leave have to come back to a similar position they worked in before they went on leave. If the exact position is not available, then the employer has to offer a position that is equal in pay, responsibility, and benefits. Lastly, they have to be given occasional leave should they face any serious ill health, or that of a family condition, which include intermittent leave for appointments to the doc tor for treatment, therapies or other serious conditions (Goldman & Sigmond, 2010). Non-eligible types of leave and workers These regulations do not apply to: Workers in companies with less than 50 employees; nonetheless, the threshold does not apply to local educational and employer agencies. Part-time workers with less than 1,250 hours within a paid vacation and the 12 months period; Employees in need of leave to take care for elderly parents who are not parents; Employees needing time to recover from common illnesses like common cold or flu. Workers in need of regular medical checkups The employee in situation A has toiled for the company for at least two years. He took and 11 week leave to be with his spouse who had given birth to twins prematurely. So far, he has not broken the rules governing the employment law. Firstly, he has gone for 11 weeks of the maximum 12 and has been working for over two years. However, there is not provision for someone to be paid. Therefore, the new manager is not forced to release the employee’s salary for the time he was away. His spouse had given birth to twins prematurely, which is catered for in the AFMLA. Nonetheless, the new manager has not infringed the right to leave of the gentleman. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) The ADEA bars discrimination against employees 40 years of age and more. Employers are not allowed to: Snub, fire, or discharge a person because of the certain terms, compensation, or employment privileges in view of their individual age (Miller, Jentz, & Jentz, 2009). To lessen the wage rate of any worker to comply with the above regulations; To classify, isolate, or limit employees in ways that would deny or deprive the individuals of employment avenues because of their age. Furthermore, it will be unlawful for employment agencies to refuse to discriminate against any person because of their age. There are also other laws tackling labor organizations; Labor organizations ar e not allowed: To expel or exclude any person from its membership because of age; To classify, segregate, limit, classify or refuse to employ any person in ways that would deny employment opportunities. To try or cause any employer to discriminate against employees in violations of the regulation; In situation B, the employee in question is 68 years of age and nearing his retirement. However, he has worked for the company

Dog Training Essay Example for Free

Dog Training Essay Information to be output The output of the information will contain, the veterinary surgerys name, address and phone number and the surgery opening times on the back page. The opening times will make clear that the weekend surgeries are only for urgent cases. This leaflet will also give out the hours of emergency information. The title and a hamster picture will be on the front page. The information and another hamster picture will be on the inside pages. Data needed to produce the output The input needed to produce the leaflet will be a picture of a hamster; this will be a file on disk, on the inside pages there will be text on: Handling your hamster, cages, feeding your hamster, drinking bottle and common illness and health problems. These illnesses will include; diarrhoea and constipation. It will also include wet tails, colds, exercise and holidays. I will get this information from pages 23-24 of the booklet. On the front page there will be the title (Hamster care leaflet) and a picture of a hamster. On the back page there will be the veterinary surgerys name (Park view Veterinary surgery), the address (27 Park view, Lancre, LA6 9EJ), the phone number (01760 780003), the surgery opening times (Mon-Fri 9am-11: 30am, 4pm-7pm in the afternoons) and the urgent opening hours (10am-11am in the weekends). Desired outcomes and performance criteria The quality of the solution has to give an excellent impression of the veterinary and be easy to read so that people coming to the veterinary will be able to understand it and be able to find the information quickly in urgent circumstances. The style and layout of the output will be as follows: On the front page there will be a hamster picture and the title. In the middle pages there will be the information and another hamster picture, the sub headings in the middle pages must stand out so that the reader can find a certain type of information quickly. On the back page there will be; the veterinary surgerys name, address and phone number. It must also include the surgerys opening times and make it clear that weekend surgeries are only for urgent cases. Testing No testing needed beyond checking the leaflet meets the performance criteria. Dog Training A system will be made to calculate the price of dog training courses for each dog owner depending on how many dogs are to be trained. For example, walking to heel and not pulling on the lead. Format of the output The output will be in the form of a spreadsheet. This will be an interactive screen display, no printing is asked, but it can be if required. There will be columns for the number of dogs on the course, where the course is held, price of course per customer and amount paid to the trainer. Information to be output The information to be output will contain, the dog collars, the rewards, the location to train the dogs (the barn, the hall or the sports club). It will contain how many dogs are on each course, the price that each customer has to pay for each course and how much to pay the trainers and the cleaners. Data needed to produce the output The data needed to produce the output will be: the number of dogs (less than 15) on the course and where the course is held. These variables will determine how much each customer will have to pay (less than   50) and how much the trainer will get paid (basic rate 20 + i 1. 10 for each dog). The fixed amounts are: The price of the dog collars (i 1. 15), the price of the rewards (i 1. 30), the cleaners (i 6 per session). The rent costs are (rent x no. of sessions). I can find all this information from pages 8,9 and 26 of the booklet. Desired outcomes and performance criteria The quality of the solution and the style and layout of the output has to give a very clear, easy to read and easy to modify spreadsheet. The maximum number of dogs must be 15 and it must also be colourful. I must have the cost of the dog collars, the rewards, the cleaners and the location that the course will take place.

Austria Essay -- essays research papers fc

Austria Table of Contents Population Culture Tradition Way of Life Vegetation and Animal Life History Religion Arts Language Education Health Government Climate Trade Resources Agriculture Bibliography Austria Austria, a small country in Central Europe famous for its gorgeous mountain scenery. The towering Alps, and the foothills stretch across the western, southern and central parts of the country. Broad green valleys, lovely mirror lakes and thick forest cover a good portion of the land. Austria with no coastline shares its surrounded borders with Liechtenstein and Switzerland to the west; Germany and the Czech Republic to the north; Hungary and Slovakia to the east; and to the south Italy and Slovenia. North-East is Vienna, Austria's capital and largest city, where about a fifth of the people live. Population Austria has a population of about 7Â « million. Most Austrian's choose to live in the lower east areas of the country and just south of the Danube River. Also the capital and largest city, more than one and a half-million of the Austrian population lives in Vienna. Other cities with more than 100,000 people living in them consist of Graz, Innsbruck, Linz, and Scuzburg. Culture Austrians do not like being classified as Germans, Austria is basically Germanic in language and ethnic association. Some minorities include 40,000 Croats, 70,000 Solvenes, and a small group of Hungarians (11,000) and Czechs (5,000). Most Austrian's live south of the Danube River. Austrians enjoy an array of fine foods such as a Viennese Clich otherwise known as a Wiener Schnitzel, and many fine cakes and pastries. The average life expectancy for males is 72 and females 78. Traditions In May and June Vienna hosts the Vienna Festival. This festival is a celebration of music, arts, and theater. Austrians have a great love for music, many of the greatest composers were born and played there, many like Beethoven and other popular composers. Operas are also very popular, and The Vienna State Opera House is the most popular for such an activity. Festivals play an important part of Austria. One festival takes place throughout the province of Tyrol, in the beginning of spring. People dress up and pretend to chase the evil spirits of winter away. Way of Life ... ...nbsp; Austria's had a negative balance of trade since 1945, Although Austria has a large income from visitors. Austria imports transport equipment, heavy machinery, fuels, foodstuffs, and raw materials. Austria exports lumber, paper, pulp, textiles, iron, steel, electric power, and machinery. Resources The greatest natural resources in Austria is it's waterpower. "Much of the potential hydroelectric capacity, however, remains to be exploited" (Prodigy 1994) 40% of the land is taken up by forests, which is used for timber. The most important resources of Austria are magnesite graphite; iron; ore; lignite; oil, and natural gas. Agriculture "Two trends have characterized post war Austrian agriculture: a decline in the portion of the labor force engaged in farming and a decrease in small- scale farming, with farms of less than twelve acres either disappearing or being consolidated." (Prodigy 1994) Some of the leading crops include barley, wheat, rye, oats, potatoes, sugar beets, and corn. Meat production has risen sharply, and dairy farming is more than adequate to meet national needs.

Enrollment forecasting methodology

Virtually, forecasting plays everywhere a major role in human life, especially in making future decisions such as weather forecasting, university enrollment, production, sales and finance, etc. Based on these forecasting results, we can prevent damages to occur or get benefits from the forecasting activities.Up to now, many qualitative and quantitative forecasting models were proposed. However, these models are unable to deal with problems in which historical data take form of linguistic constructs instead of numerical values. In recent years, many methods have been proposed to deal with forecasting problems using fuzzy time series. In this paper, we present a new method to predict the calendar day for average Arabian Gulf Oil Company using fuzzy time series approach based on average lengths of intervals. A visual-based programming is used in the implementation of the proposed model.Results obtained demonstrate that the proposed forecasting model can forecast the data effectively and efficiently Keywords: Fuzzy time series, Forecasting, Fuzzy sets, Average-based lengthl . Forecasting the size of any phenomenon in future is important and helpful for understanding behavior of phenomenon along time. It is impossible to make future plans to face the phenomenon without defining its future dimensions and identifying shape and modes of complicated process, especially when it is related to future forecasting. Making decisions depends completely on accuracy of forecasting.It is evident that forecasting plays major role in our daily life. The accurate and the most efficient forecasting may support making correct decisions to raise accuracy of our expectations up to 100%. This may be impossible, yet we try to reduce forecasting errors. In order to solve forecasting problems, many researchers proposed several methods and different models. One of these models is traditional time series analysis, uni-variant and multi-variant. However, traditional time series has wide applic ations, but it must satisfy proper conditions to be successful.For example, 50 up to 100 bservations at least are needed to achieve Autoregressive and Integrated Moving Average Models (ARIMA) and average zero is needed to achieve autoregressive. Traditional time series has been applied in many fields such as pollution monitoring, blood pressure estimation, etc. This problem has been studied widely in statistics areas and neural networks. However, in practical life, there are regression models in which the uncertainty accompanied to the model is because of vagueness, not because of neither randomness nor both of them.In these models, probability theory cannot be pplied and fuzzy sets theory is applied, where variables are foggy i. e. declarative variables are not fixed and scaling of these variables is not expressed by a point, but by an interval or linguistic variables [1, 3]. 2. FUZZY LOGIC Fuzzy logic [1 1], is a form of logic which has used in some expert systems and artificial i ntelligence applications. It was first proposed in 1965 by the Iranian scientist Lutfi Zadeh, at University of California, where he developed it as a better method of data processing.However, his theory didn't find a wide interest until 1974, where fuzzy logic was used to control a steam engine. Since then, applications of fuzzy logic kept developing until the manufacturing of fuzzy logic chip which have been used in many products such this science. There are many reasons for scientists to improve fuzzy logic. For example, development of computers and software founded the need to invent or program systems that are capable of dealing with ambiguous information to mimic human thinking.However, this created a problem since computers can only deal with exact and accurate data. This problem caused occurrence of expert systems and artificial intelligence. Fuzzy logic is a theory for building such systems. Fuzzy set theory has many useful achievements in different fields and it aims at app roximation of professional knowledge that contains vagueness in human thinking. Figure 1 illustrates the difference between traditional and fuzzy set theories. Fuzzy logic simply reflects how do people think and try to represent our feelings by words, decisions making and our common sense.So, fuzzy logic models are being increasingly used in time series analysis, where they are important for dealing with linguistic values and other models in order to yield better forecasting results. Time Series is defined as a sequence of events easured in successive times at definite intervals. It was widely used in economic systems such as stock index and interest. Also, it was used in metrology, especially in wind speed, temperature, pressure, Figure 1: Traditional and fuzzy sets 3.FUZZY TIME SERIES Fuzzy time series is another concept to solve forecasting problems in which the historical data are linguistic values. Fuzzy time series based on Zadeh's works [1 1], Song and Chissom [7], first prop osed a forecasting model called Fuzzy Time Series, which provided a theoretic framework to model a special dynamic process hose observations are linguistic values. The main difference between the traditional time series and fuzzy time series is that the observed values of the former are real numbers while the observed values of the latter are fuzzy sets or linguistic values.In the following, some basic concepts of fuzzy time series are briefly reviewed Definition 1: Let U ,u2 un } be a universe of discourse (universal set); a fuzzy set A of U is defined fA (u ) / u fA (u ) / un ,where fA is a membership function of a given set A , fA [0,1]. Definition 2 If there exists a fuzzy relationship R(t – 1, t), such that F(t) =F(t ), where is an arithmetic operator, then F(t) is said to be caused by F(t – 1). The relationship between F(t) and – 1) can be denoted by – 1) Definition 3 Suppose F(t) is calculated by F(t – 1) only, and – 1) R(t,t-l).For a ny t, if R(t – 1, t) is independent of t, then F(t) is considered a timeinvariant fuzzy time series. Otherwise, F(t) is timevariant. Definition 4 Suppose – 1) and F(t)= A], a fuzzy logical relationship can be defined as Ai AJ where Ai and AJ are called the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the fuzzy logical relationship, respectively. 4. REVIEW OF RELATED WORKS Many studies have interested in fuzzy time series and have been applied in various fields including university enrollment.Fuzzy time series had proved its efficiency in forecasting as a good new method for predicting linguistic values. Song and Chisson [9, 10] first introduced the method of fuzzy time series, humidity and rainfall. In addition, time series was used in geophysical records including indexed measurements, times of earthquake, radiological activities, industrial production, rates of idleness, etc. therefore, they are considered as founders of fuzzy time series science. Also, in 1994, they in troduced a eries.Chen [1] presented a new method for forecasting university enrollment using fuzzy time series historical data enrollments of the university of Alabama from 1971 to 1992, the proposed method is more efficient than the proposed method by Song and Chissom, due to the fact that the proposed method uses simplified arithmetic operation rather than the complicated MaxMin composition operation. Hwang [8] proposed a new method on fuzzification to revise Song and Chissom's method. He used a different triangle fuzzification method to Fuzzify crisp values.His method involved determining an interval of xtension from both sides of crisp value in triangle membership function to get a variant degree of membership. The result got a better average forecasting error, in addition, the influences of factors and variables in a fuzzy time series model such as definition area, number and length of intervals and the interval of extension in triangle membership function were discussed in det ailsStep 2: Define the universe of discourse U. Find the maximum Dmax and the minimum Dmin among all Dh. For easy partitioning of U, choose two small numbers Dl and D2 as two proper positive numbers. The purpose of Dl and D2 is to make the lower and upper bounds of U become multiple of hundreds, thousands, etc. The universe of discourse U is then defined by: U = Dt-ntn -Dl , Drnax+D2 Step 3: Determine the appropriate length of interval L. Here, the average-based length method (Huarng, 2001 b) can be applied to determine the appropriate L.The length of interval L is computed according to the Table 1: Base mapping table Range Base 0. 1-1. 0 0. 1 1. -10 11-100 10 101-1000 a) Calculate all the absolute differences between the values Dh-l and Dh as the first differences, and then compute the average of the first differences. b) Take one-half of the average as the length. c) Find the located range of the length and determine the base from Table 1 d) According to the assigned base, round t he length as the appropriate L.Then the number of intervals m, is computed by: D max+D2-D Then U can be partitioned into equal-length intervals Assume that the m intervals are Step4: Define fuzzy sets from the universe of discourse: f(un)(3) Ai=A11+A22+†¦.. +Ai l Then fuzzify the time series. First determine some linguistic values A1, A2, †¦ , An. Second, defined fuzzy sets on U. The fuzzy sets Ai are expressed as follows: 10. 500 0. 510 . 50 00. 51 0. 5 Step 5: fuzzify the historical data. If the value of Dh is located in the range of ui, then it belongs to fuzzy sets A'.All Dh must be classified into the corresponding fuzzy sets. However, fuzzify the historical data and give fuzzy set to each year's historical data. If the historical data belongs to Ai at year t, the historical data of that year can be written by A'. But usually one historical data to ifferent A1, the need to find out maximum degree of each year's historical data belonging to each A1. Step 6: Establish f uzzy logical relationships (FLRs) for all fuzzified data, derive the fuzzy logical relationships based on Definition (3).The fuzzy logical relationship which have the same left-hand sides is like Ai Ak, which denotes that if the Dh-lvalue of time t-1 is AJ then that of time t is Ak Table 2: Fuzzy relationship Ak Ar A1 Am 0. 5 um -2 um -1 um Where ui n) is the element and the number below ‘/'is the membership of ui to Then follow the rules for determining the degree of the membership of the istorical data Yi belonging to interval u'. The general triangular membership function is expressed as below: Step 7: establish the fuzzy logic relationship groups (FLRG).The derived fuzzy logical relationships can be arranged into fuzzy logical relationship groups based on the same fuzzy numbers on the left-hand sides of the fuzzy logical relationships. The fuzzy logical relationship groups are like the following: AJI Step 8: The forecasting of the historical data is based on heuristic rule s proposed by chen (1996) and outlined as follows.

Evaluation †produce proposals for the possible re-branding of my school Essay

My design brief was to produce proposals for the possible re-branding of my school. When doing this I researched what the faculties wanted and needed and so I designed a questionnaire to gather the information I required. I also researched different graphic designers, their work and various design movements throughout history such as Abram Games who is a British mid-twentieth century designer and official war artist during world war two. His style of design is very patriotic as in most of his work he uses red, white and blue; the colours of the union jack. He incorporates them very well and subtlety. I like his work because it’s very classic, memorable and simple. His work is landmark. I did this because it gave me inspiration, an influence and it offered a look at how previous designers worked. I did web searches on the images connected to different faculties and just asked people what images came to mind when I said a faculty name this provided me with many logo ideas. In addition I looked at existing logo designs in books wherein designers explored many different techniques, which I could use in my designs. I had many specifications that determined what my final design would look like. * Such as my target group, which was the staff, pupils and parents because of this I had to select designs that satisfy and do not displease them. * In my specification I had a running theme or image that I worked around; a smart, scholastic, classic yet modern image and I tried to portray this in my designs. I had a variety of different design ideas and when deciding on my final design I had many factors, which would govern what I would choose. For example how complicated the designs were, or how much colour was used. Such as when I had a large design dominated by black, I could not use this because of the expenses and issues that may arise with such a vast amount of ink. I don’t think I did much planning that ensured success and a quality product but I did research different colours on the colour wheel and their effects and what they represent. In this project I don’t think I used many new tools or materials however I did use Photoshop, Microsoft Publisher, Paint, the internet, printers, scanners and general sketching that was stressed as important by my teacher and did prove so. I did not fully answer my design brief as I was not on schedule but I did produce some sort of proposal. I have not shown my logo to the head of faculty but overall I feel it is a strong and bold logo, which is pleasing to the eye. The considerations I had were.

How to Easily Make Edible Fake Barf

How to Easily Make Edible Fake Barf Making a simulant is a form of chemistry, right? Here are instructions for making your own edible fake barf. Ick! Yet, you might need fake vomit for a gag or costume, right? Edible Fake Barf Ingredients As you can see from the list of ingredients, theres nothing nasty or inedible in this recipe. In fact, its downright nutritious! Feel free to add food coloring if you need a special effect or other ingredients. 1 pkg unflavored gelatinapplesaucepowdered cocoaoatmealraisin bran cerealfrying pankitchen utensils How To Make Fake Barf Heat 1/4 cup of applesauce in the frying pan over low to medium heat.Stir in 1 packet of unflavored gelatin.Add a pinch or two of cocoa powder. Mix thoroughly and remove from heat.Sprinkle oatmeal over the mixture into an aesthetically-pleasing chunky pattern. You can stir it in a bit, but dont mix too much.Repeat the oatmeal procedure with some raisin bran cereal.Spread the barf mixture onto a plate so that it resembles vomit, adding extra raisins or cereal bits, as desired.Allow the barf to cool completely (a couple of hours). Remove it from the plate with a spatula.Have fun! Useful Tips You may wish to spray your plate with nonstick cooking spray to keep the vomit from sticking.Adult supervision is recommended since heat is involved.Please let me know if you come up with alterations to this recipe that make it even more realistic.

Basic Vocabulary Youll Need to Go Shopping in France

Basic Vocabulary You'll Need to Go Shopping in France If you are shopping in France, youll need to know the lingo. You could just stick with one shop or market, go in, pay and get out. But most of us do more than that in our search for the right product and the best bargain. You need to be able to read signs so that youre choosing the right shop, getting the best quality, ferreting out authentic bargains and speak intelligently with salespeople. Keep in mind that France (and most of Europe) may have megastores, but most people still shop at their local small shops in order to find the freshest, highest-quality products. So dont discount the words for specialty stores; you will need to know them. Shopping Vocabulary une à ©picerie  Ã‚  small grocery storele marchà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  farmers marketle supermarchà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  supermarketun hypermarchà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  superstore, giant supermarketla boucherie  Ã‚  butcher shopla boulangerie  Ã‚  bakeryla charcuterie  Ã‚  pork butchers shop and delicatessenla confiserie  Ã‚  candy storela crà ©merie, la laiterie  Ã‚  dairy  shopla fromagerie  Ã‚  cheese shople magasin de fruits et là ©gumes  Ã‚  greengrocerle marchand de vins  Ã‚  wine shopla pà ¢tisserie  Ã‚  pastry shopla poissonnerie  Ã‚  fish storela banque  Ã‚  bankla blanchisserie  Ã‚  laundryla  laverie automatique   laundromatla droguerie  Ã‚  drugstore / hardware storele grand magasin  Ã‚  department storele kiosque  Ã‚  newsstandle magasin de confection  femme/homme/enfants clothing store  for women, men, children;  magasin de và ªtements  Ã‚  clothing store in generalla pharmacie  Ã‚  pharmacyla poste  Ã‚  post officele pressing  Ã‚  dry cleanerla q uincaillerie  Ã‚  hardware storele tabac  Ã‚  tobacco shopfaire les courses  Ã‚  to do the  shopping [for essentials];  aller faire les courses to go shoppingfaire du shopping  Ã‚  to go shopping, to shop [for specific items such as shoes];  partir faire les magasins to go on a shopping trip/expedition les soldes the sales; faire les soldes to shop the salesclient /  personne qui faire ses courses shopperà ªtre accro au shopping   to be a shopaholiccher  (chà ¨re) expensive; coà »ter cher   to be expensive  a bargain une affaire; a good bargain une bonne affaire;  bargain prices prix avantageuxmarchander to bargain, to haggle;  negocier, traiter avec quelquun to bargain with someoneheures  douverture business / shop hours  Ã‚  Ã‚   Expressions Related to Shopping Bon marchà ©:  can be translated as either inexpensive or cheap. Bon marchà ©Ã‚  can be both positive, indicating a reasonable price, and negative, insulting the products quality. Bon rapport qualità ©-prix:  The French expression  un bon rapport qualità ©-prix, sometimes written  un bon rapport qualità © / prix, indicates that the price of some product or service (a bottle of wine, car, restaurant, hotel) is more than fair. Youll often see it or a variation in reviews and promotional materials.  To talk about a better value, you can make the comparative or superlative form of bon, as in: un meilleur rapport qualità ©-prix   better valuele meilleur rapport qualità ©-prix  Ã‚  best value To say that something is not a good value, you can either negate the sentence or use an antonym: Ce nest pas un bon rapport qualità ©-prix. /  Ã‚  Il na pas un bon rapport qualità ©-prix.   Its not a good valueun mauvais rapport qualità ©-prix   poor valuele pire rapport qualità ©-prix   worst value While less common, its also possible to use a different adjective altogether, such as un rapport qualità ©-prix incroyable   amazing valueun rapport qualità ©-prix intà ©ressant   good valueun faible rapport qualità ©-prix   poor value Cest cadeau: is a casual, informal expression meaning  Its free. Its inexpensive. The underlying meaning is that  youre getting something extra that you werent expecting, like a freebie. It can be from a store, a boutique or a friend doing you a favor. It doesnt necessarily involve money. Note that Cest un cadeau with the article is a simple non-idiomatic, declarative sentence that means It is a gift. Noà «l malin: The informal French expression  Noà «l malin  refers to Christmas.  Malin means  something thats  shrewd or cunning. But this expression isn’t describing Christmas or the sales, but rather the consumer- the cunning consumer who is far too smart to pass up these amazing bargains. At least that’s the idea. When a store says  Noà «l malin, what they’re really saying is  Noà «l (pour le) malin (Christmas for the clever.) For example, Offres Noà «l malin Christmas offers [for the savvy shopper]   TTC: is an acronym that appears on receipts and it refers to the grand total that you owe for a given purchase. The initials TTC stand for  toutes taxes comprises  (all taxes included). TTC lets you know what you will actually be paying for a product or service. Most prices are quoted as TTC, but not all, so its essential to pay attention to the fine print. The opposite of  TTC  is  HT, which stands for  hors taxe; this is  the base price before the addition of the European Union-mandated  TVA  (value-added tax), which stands at 20 percent in France for most goods and services.

Branding community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Branding community - Essay Example The paper describes the concept of community branding, which is based on consumer behavior as well as the scope of the market, which refers to the variety of goods and services available within the market. Once given communities have found specific brands appealing, both consumers and the manufactures of the products stand to benefit. The consumers often benefit in the sense that they get value for their money hence are left satisfied with the goods and services that they are offered. According to (Hill, 2013), the level of wastage that is often witnessed from the consumer's end is often reduced; as they know the exact product they are to buy. The reduction of wastage according to Hill often comes out in the sense that the consumers do not often waste their funds on other goods that they do not prefer. Hill argues that in many situations, the fact that customers are left satisfied after buying a given product implies that means that the community at large always benefits as they get quality goods and services (Hill, 2013). As mentioned above, both communities and the manufacturers who are involved in the production process stand to benefit. The manufactures benefit in the sense that the brand provides name and recognition for not only the product for the company involved in the production of a specific good or the delivery of the service. Hill (2013) asserts that the aspect of a product or service being a brand is an entity that is so identifiable and makes a promise of value for the future.